Modern History · GS 1
The freedom struggle, on one map.
India's freedom struggle from 1857 to 1904, event by event. Each event has its date, the place it happened, the people involved, the points UPSC asks about and three practice questions. Read it here, or watch it play out on the Freedom Struggle Map, which goes on to 1947 with IAS Labs Pro.
Revolt of 1857 (1857–1859)
- 29 March 1857 · BarrackporeMangal Pandey's stand at BarrackporeA sepoy's defiance over the new cartridges, weeks before the great revolt.Read and practise
- 10 May 1857 · MeerutThe revolt begins at MeerutSepoys at Meerut rose, freed their jailed comrades and marched on Delhi.Read and practise
- 11 May 1857 · DelhiDelhi rises: Bahadur Shah Zafar proclaimedThe sepoys made the aged Mughal emperor the revolt's symbolic leader.Read and practise
- June 1857 · KanpurKanpur rises under Nana SahebThe adopted son of the last Peshwa led the revolt at Kanpur.Read and practise
- 30 June 1857 · LucknowBegum Hazrat Mahal leads AwadhAfter the rebels' victory at Chinhat, the British Residency at Lucknow was besieged.Read and practise
- July 1857 · ArrahKunwar Singh rises in BiharAn elderly zamindar of Jagdishpur became the revolt's leader in Bihar.Read and practise
- September 1857 · DelhiThe British retake DelhiAfter a long siege, Delhi fell and the last Mughal emperor was captured.Read and practise
- 18 June 1858 · GwaliorRani Lakshmibai falls fighting at GwaliorThe Rani of Jhansi fought from Jhansi to Kalpi to Gwalior and fell in battle.Read and practise
- 1 November 1858 · Allahabad (Prayagraj)Queen's Proclamation: the Crown takes overCompany rule ended; India passed to the British Crown.Read and practise
- 18 April 1859 · ShivpuriTantia Tope's martyrdom at ShivpuriThe revolt's great guerrilla commander was betrayed, captured and hanged.Read and practise
Reform and early nationalism (1859–1904)
- 1859–60 · NadiaThe Indigo Revolt in BengalBengal's ryots refused to grow indigo for European planters.Read and practise
- 24 September 1873 · Poona (Pune)Phule founds the Satyashodhak SamajA society of truth-seekers for the equal rights of lower castes and women.Read and practise
- 10 April 1875 · Bombay (Mumbai)Dayanand Saraswati founds the Arya SamajA reform movement that called Hindus back to the Vedas.Read and practise
- 26 July 1876 · Calcutta (Kolkata)The Indian Association is foundedOne of the first all-India political bodies, a forerunner of the Congress.Read and practise
- 14 March 1878 · Calcutta (Kolkata)The Vernacular Press Act gags Indian papersLord Lytton's law curbed newspapers in Indian languages.Read and practise
- 28 December 1885 · Bombay (Mumbai)The Indian National Congress is founded72 delegates met in Bombay and founded the Congress.Read and practise
- 1893 · Poona (Pune)Tilak makes Ganeshotsav a public festivalFestivals became a way to bring people into public life.Read and practise
- 1 May 1897 · Calcutta (Kolkata)Vivekananda founds the Ramakrishna MissionA mission of service, named after his teacher Ramakrishna.Read and practise
- 22 June 1897 · Poona (Pune)The Chapekar brothers strike in PoonaAnger at harsh plague measures led to one of the first revolutionary acts.Read and practise
- December 1899 · KhuntiBirsa Munda's UlgulanThe Munda people's 'great tumult' against outsiders who took their land.Read and practise
Swadeshi to Home Rule (1905–1916)
The events of 1905–1916 are on the map with IAS Labs Pro.
Gandhi's mass movements (1917–1929)
The events of 1917–1929 are on the map with IAS Labs Pro.
Civil Disobedience (1930–1938)
The events of 1930–1938 are on the map with IAS Labs Pro.
Quit India to Independence (1939–1947)
The events of 1939–1947 are on the map with IAS Labs Pro.